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The paper examines modern developments of 5G - Advanced that began with 3GPP release 18 through its assessment based on analytical methods and simulation evaluation. The study is based on four core technologies: AI/ML-enabled air interface optimization, Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC), enhanced Non- Terrestrial (NTN), and energy-efficient network architectures. The research study investigates the three technologies which support upcoming use cases of smart healthcare systems, autonomous mobility devices and extended reality systems and industrial Internet of Things technology. The simulation framework uses MATLAB for physical-layer modeling and NS-3 network evaluation to measure key performance metrics that include latency and throughput and beamforming characteristics and signal-to-noise ratio. The result show that 5G- Advanced provides substantial benefits through improved reliability and spectral efficiency and better performance on latency-sensitive services which establishes it as an advancement toward future wireless technologies.